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Testimony of Jesus and the Spirit: The 'We' of John 3:11 in Its Literary Context

dc.rights.licenseAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International Licenseen_US
dc.contributor.authorReynolds, Benjamin E., 1977-
dc.date.accessioned2021-04-22T15:02:54Z
dc.date.available2021-04-22T15:02:54Z
dc.date.copyright2007
dc.date.issued2007
dc.identifier.citationAccepted Manuscript (AM) Citation: Reynolds, Benjamin E. "The Testimony of Jesus and the Spirit: The 'We' of John 3:11 in Its Literary Context." Neotestamentica 41, no. 1 (2007): 1-25.en_US
dc.identifier.issn0254-8356en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://digitalcollections.tyndale.ca/handle/20.500.12730/589
dc.description.abstractJesus’ use of the first person plural in John 3:11 is rarely given more than passing comment. The common explanation that a group outside of the narrative speaks through Jesus ignores the literary context of the passage, which indicates a number of possible figures who could be included in Jesus’ use of the first person plural. These possibilities consist of the Father, John the Baptist, Jesus’ disciples, and the use of the “we” of majesty. While the Spirit has rarely been mentioned as a possible referent, the Spirit’s inclusion in Jesus’ “we” is more likely. Based on the similar content and manner of speaking and testifying shared by Jesus and the Spirit and the proximity of Jesus’ comments about the Spirit, the Spirit is the most plausible referent for inclusion in Jesus’ “we”.en_US
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf/uaen_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.rightsCopyright, New Testament Society of South Africa. All rights reserved.en_US
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/en_US
dc.subject.lcshJesus Christ--Wordsen_US
dc.subject.lcshBible. John 2-4en_US
dc.subject.lcshBible. John 3:11en_US
dc.subject.lcshBible. John--Criticism, interpretation, etc.en_US
dc.subject.lcshHoly Spirit--Biblical teachingen_US
dc.titleTestimony of Jesus and the Spirit: The 'We' of John 3:11 in Its Literary Contexten_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dc.contributor.affiliationTyndale Universityen_US
dc.contributor.departmentDepartment of Biblical Studies and Theologyen_US
dc.contributor.repositoryTyndale University, J. William Horsey Library, 3377 Bayview Ave., Toronto, ON, M2M 3S4, Canada. Contact: repository@tyndale.caen_US
dc.identifier.issueno. 1en_US
dc.identifier.journalNeotestamenticaen_US
dc.identifier.orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8389-7148en_US
dc.identifier.volume41en_US
dc.relation.isversion ofVersion of Record (VOR) Citation: Reynolds, Benjamin E. “The Testimony of Jesus and the Spirit: The ‘We’ of John 3:11 in Its Literary Context.” Neotestamentica 41, no. 1 (2007): 168-183.en_US
dc.rights.holderNew Testament Society of South Africa http://www.newtestament.co.zaen_US
dc.subject.keywordJesus Christ - Wordsen_US
dc.subject.keywordBible. John 2-4en_US
dc.subject.keywordBible. John 3:11en_US
dc.subject.keywordJohn 3:11en_US
dc.subject.keywordBible. John--Criticism, Literaryen_US
dc.subject.keywordHoly Spirit--Biblical teachingen_US
dc.description.chapterpage1-25en_US
dc.description.noteThis is a pre-copyrighted, author-produced, peer-reviewed version of the article accepted for publication in Neotestamentica 41, no. 1 (2007)en_US
dc.description.noteFor AODA accommodation, including help with reading this content, please contact repository@tyndale.caen_US
dc.description.versionAccepted manuscripten_US


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  • Reynolds, Benjamin E.
    Dr. Benjamin E. Reynolds is Professor of New Testament. He is also Chair, Department of Biblical Studies and Theology.

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Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License
Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License